Pūnaha Mōhiohio Whakahaere Mana Taumahatanga Atamai Wāhanga Tuatoru: Pūnaha Whakahaere Taumahatanga Rori Waea me te Kohikohi Utu

3.1 Pūnaha Whakahaere Taumahatanga Rori Pūkoro

He wāhanga nui te Pūnaha Whakahaere Taumahatanga Rori Waea o te Pūnaha Mōhiohio Whakahaere Whakahaere Taumahatanga Atamai. E arotahi ana ki ngā āhuatanga whakatinanatanga waea pūkoro, rangitahi, me te ngāwari, e hanga ana i tētahi tāpiringa whai hua ki ngā teihana whakahaere taumahatanga rori e ahu mai ana i te pūtake me ngā teihana whakahaere taumahatanga rori pumau.

Mā te whakatinanatanga o ngā taputapu pauna kawe, ngā wae whakahaere ture pūkoro, me ngā hangarau tuku raraunga wā-tūturu, ka taea e te pūnaha te pauna waka i te papaanga, te whakatau ture tere, me te whakauru raraunga tukutahi ki te tūāpapa whakahaere matua. Ka whakarite kia taea te whakatinana tere i ngā mahi whakahaere taumaha rawa i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te rori me ngā whakaritenga ture.

3.1.1 Te Whānuitanga me ngā Whāinga o te Tono

Kua hangaia te pūnaha whakahaere taumaha rori pūkoro mō ngā waka e whakahaere ana kāore i te whakahaerehia i te pūtake, ā, kei waho o te awhe tirotiro a ngā teihana whakahaere taumaha pumau. Ka whakamahia whānuitia ki ngā wāhanga rori e tūpono ana te taumaha, e whakarato ana i ngā āheinga whakatinana ngāwari, whai take, me te wā-tūturu. Ka whai hua te pūnaha ki te tāpiri i ngā teihana pumau me te whakakore i ngā wāhi matapo ture.

3.1.2 Te Hanganga o te Pūnaha

Ko te pūnaha whakahaere taumaha rawa o te rori pūkoro he mea hanga i ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei:

·Pauna kawenga toki kawe mō te pauna i te waka i te papaanga

·Ngā taputapu hopu ture mō ngā tuhinga tukanga

·Ngā waka whakamana mō te whakatinanatanga pūkoro

·Ngā taputapu whakawhitiwhiti ahokore mō te tuku raraunga wā-tūturu

3.1.3 Rerenga Mahi Whakatinanatanga Waea Pūkoro

I runga i ngā whakatūpato i tukuna e te pūnaha whakahaere whakahaere taumaha rawa, i ngā āhuatanga rānei o te kawe waka rori, ina whakapaetia he taumaha rawa te waka i runga i tētahi wāhanga rori, ka whakatūria e ngā pirihimana ā-rohe he wāhi tirotiro rangitahi.

I te wāhi tirotiro, ka whakamahia ngā pauna kawenga toki kawe hei pauna i te papaanga. I te wā o te tirotiro, ka kohia ngā raraunga e pā ana ki te waka—tae atu ki te taumaha katoa o te waka, te kawenga toki, te whirihoranga o te toki, ngā mōhiohio pereti nama, ngā whakaahua waka, me ngā tohu taraiwa—i runga anō i ngā tikanga kua tautuhia e te pūnaha, ā, ka tukuna atu ki te tūāpapa whakahaere i te wā tonu.

3.1.4 Te Whakahaere me te Whakakorenga i ngā Ture

I runga i ngā hua o te pauna:

·Ka tukuna tonutia ngā waka e tutuki ana i ngā ture;

·Ka tukuna ngā waka e tautohetia ana ngā hua pauna ki te teihana whakahaere taumaha kua whakaritea tata rawa atu hei tirotiro anō;

·Me tango e ngā waka kua whakapūmautia he taumaha rawa ngā utanga i runga i ngā ture.

Ka whakaputa aunoa te pūnaha i ngā tuhinga whakamana me ngā tuhinga whiu. Me whakaoti e ngā taraiwa, e ngā hinonga whakahaere rānei te utu i roto i te wā kua whakaritea. Ko ngā waka kāore e utu i roto i te wā e hiahiatia ana ka whakaurua ki te rārangi pango o te pūnaha, ā, ka taea te whakahaere i ētahi atu mahi pēnei i te pupuri i te wāhi, i ngā mahi whakamana kua whakaritea rānei.

3.1.5 Tauine Utaina Toki Kawe

Ngā Āhuatanga Taputapu

He hanganga kiato, he hoahoa mama, he kaha ā-ringa hoki te tauine kawenga toki kawe, e pai ai mō te whakatinanatanga pūkoro me ngā taiao whakamana i waho.

Te Mahi Ine

Ko te kaha pauna o te papa kotahi kei waenga i te 1 tana ki te 30 tana, kei runga i ngā whakaritenga.

·Ka eke te tika o te pauna pumau ki te 0.1%–0.3% FS

·Ko te tika o te pauna hihiri tere-iti, ina whakamahia me ngā pereti whakawhiti, kei roto i te 3% FS

Ka mahi pono te taputapu i roto i te awhe pāmahana taiao mai i te –20°C ki te +80°C.

Whakaurunga Raraunga me te Pūnaha

Ka tautokohia e te taputapu pauna te tuku raraunga ahokore me te kaha ārai-whakararuraru kaha. Ka taea te whakakotahi ngāwari i ngā papa pauna maha kia tutuki ai ngā whirihoranga toki rerekē. Ka tautokohia e te taputapu te whakaritenga pūmanawa, ngā whakapainga ipurangi, ngā kōwhiringa momo toki maha, me ngā atanga reo maha, kia pai ai te whakaurunga ki te papa mōhiohio whakahaere taumaha.

3.2 Pūnaha Kohi Utu

Ko te Pūnaha Kohi Utu he pūnaha tautoko matua o te Pūnaha Mōhiohio Whakahaere Mana Utu Mamao Atamai. E whakarato ana i ngā ratonga utu utu paerewa me te aunoa mō ngā āhuatanga whakahaere rori rerekē, ā, e tautoko ana i te whakahaere taunga o te haerenga waka, te kohi utu, me te tirotiro mahi.

Mā te whakauru i ngā momo utu maha me ngā tūāpapa tautuhi hiko me te whakahaere i muri, ka whakapai ake te pūnaha i te whai huatanga o te kohi utu, ka whakaiti i te wawaotanga ā-ringa, ā, ka whakarite i te tika me te māramatanga o te tatau utu me te whakataunga utu. Ka whakarato hoki i te tautoko raraunga pono mō te whakahaere waka, te whakahaere waka, me te whakatau kaupapa whakahaere.

3.2.1 Ngā Aratau Utu

Ka tautokohia e te pūnaha kohi utu maha ngā momo utu hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga whakahaere rori rerekē:

·Te kohi utu ā-ringa, me tū ngā waka ka whakaoti i te utu mā te moni, kāri peeke, utu waea pūkoro rānei;

·Kohikohi utu ā-aunoa, e whakakotahi ana i te whakahaere kāri ā-ringa me te nama hiko;

·Ko te Kohikohi Utu Hiko (ETC) aunoa katoa, e āhei ai te utu tonu mō ngā waka kei roto ngā waeine.

Ka taea te whirihora i te tatau i te utu rori i runga i te tawhiti, te momo waka, te roanga o te wā me te taumaha o te waka.

3.2.2 Te Whakahaere Pūnaha ETC

Wāhanga Whakauru

Ina tomo te waka ki tētahi ara ETC, ka whakatū te waeine o runga i te waka i tētahi hononga poto ki ngā taputapu rori. Ka manatokohia haumarutia ngā mōhiohio tuakiri waka, ngā tawhā hangarau, me ngā raraunga pūkete, ā, ka hangaia he pūkete whakauru.

Atamira I te Ara

I te taha o te waka i ngā ara ETC, ka kohia aunoatia ngā mōhiohio mō te wā e haere ana me te tauwāhi, ā, ka tukuna ki te pūnaha o muri. Ka tatau te pūnaha i ngā utu huarahi e ahu mai ana i ngā wāhanga e ai ki ngā ture utu kua tautuhia.

Wāhanga Putanga

I te putanga, ka tatau te pūnaha i te tapeke o te utu i runga i ngā raraunga whakauru me te ara haere. Ka tangohia aunoatia te utu mai i te pūkete utu here. Kia angitu te tangohanga, ka tuhia ngā mōhiohio putanga, ā, ka tukuna te waka me te kore e mutu.

3.3 Uara Taupānga Whakauru

Mā te whakauru i te whakatinanatanga o te whakahaere taumaha rawa waea pūkoro ki te pūnaha kohi utu, ka taea e te tūāpapa te tautuhi waka kotahi, te tiritiri raraunga, me te whakahaere tahi. Ka whakapai ake tēnei whakaurunga i te tika o te whakatinanatanga, te whai huatanga o te mahi, me te tiaki i ngā hanganga rori, me te tautoko i te hanganga o tētahi pūnaha whakahaere rori atamai me te whai hua.